What are the main parameters of sandblasting?

The main parameters that affect the sandblasting process: abrasive type, abrasive particle size, abrasive concentration, sandblasting distance, sandblasting angle, sandblasting time, compressed air pressure, etc. As one of automatic sandblasting machine manufacturers, QINGGONG will show you specific process here.

(1) Sandblasting distance:

refers to the linear distance from the end face of the sandblasting nozzle to the surface of the substrate. As the blasting distance increases, the scouring effect of the abrasive on the surface of the substrate is weakened, and the abrasive is dispersed. The choice of this parameter depends on the blasting method, air pressure and the specific conditions of the workpiece. A proper distance can not only achieve a certain roughness on the surface, but also have a higher sandblasting efficiency. At the same time, it is necessary to prevent the abrasive from causing great compressive stress on the surface and avoid deformation of the workpiece. Generally controlled within the range of 100～300mm. The surface blasting machine pressure or blasting distance is longer than the jet suction type.

(2) Sandblasting angle:

refers to the angle between the axis of abrasive jetting and the surface of the substrate. It should be kept in the range of 60 to 75 degrees, and 90 degrees should be avoided. To prevent sand particles from embedding on the surface.

(3) Abrasive type

Abrasives are divided into spherical and diamond-shaped according to the particle state. Diamond abrasives (white steel jade, brown corundum) are usually used for sandblasting. The glass beads are spherical abrasives. After setting the three values of P, H and θ, the surface obtained by spherical abrasive blasting is smoother, while the surface obtained by diamond abrasive is relatively rough, and the same kind of abrasive is divided into thickness and fineness. The abrasive is divided by the number of screens in China. The thickness is generally called the number. The higher the number, the smaller the particle size. After the P, H and θ values are set, the higher the blasting number of the same abrasive, the smoother the surface will be.

(4) Air pressure:

Compressed air is used as power to supply the pressure at the inlet of the sandblasting device. As the pressure increases, the abrasive jet speed increases, the effect on the surface is intensified, and the abrasive crushing rate increases. Therefore, the choice of pressure must take into account the thickness of the abrasive, the thickness of the workpiece and the requirements of the surface roughness. Pressure blasting is generally 0.3～0.5Mpa, and suction blasting is 0.5～0.6Mpa. Pressure blasting should take into account the pressure loss caused by the long blasting pipe, and the pressure should be appropriately increased.

(5) Sandblasting nozzle aperture:

When the air pressure in temporary blast rooms is constant, the nozzle aperture will increase, air consumption and sand output will increase, and sandblasting efficiency will be improved. The selection of the hole diameter is restricted by the air supply, generally 8-15mm. Due to wear, when the aperture of the blast nozzle increases by 25%, a new nozzle should be replaced.

(6) The moving speed of the sandblasting gun: 

A uniform roughened surface is obtained through the relative movement of the sandblasting gun and the surface of the workpiece. The moving speed is not strictly required. The blasting time is mainly controlled by the uniformity of the surface roughness. Too long blasting time will lead to undesirable surface structure.

Here's a chart summarizing the main parameters of sandblasting based on the provided content

This chart presents a clear overview of the parameters involved in the sandblasting process, making it easier to understand their impact on efficiency and outcomes.